The formal process where both sides present evidence and arguments to a judge or jury, who then decides liability and, if appropriate, damages.

In a personal injury case:

• Trials can be bench trials (judge only) or jury trials.

• Most cases settle before trial, but your lawyer prepares as if the case will go all the way.

What to know:

• Trials can be stressful and unpredictable, but sometimes they are the only way to get a fair result.

• Honest testimony and solid preparation are key.